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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Commun Sci Disord. 1999;4(1): 1-24.
A Comparison Study of Phonological Processing and Word Recognition in Reading Disabled, Reading Level Matched and Age Matched Children
Hye Sook Lee` , and Hyun Sook Park`
Copyright ©1999 The Korean Academy of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology
이혜숙(Hye Sook Lee)| 박현숙(Hyun Sook Park)
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ABSTRACT
The purposes of the present study are to identify whether there are differences among three groups (reading disabled, reading level matched, and age matched children) in the abilities of phonological processing and reading real and nonsense words, and whether specific reading disabilities are related to the deficit in those abilities. This information could be utilized for assessing specific reading disabilities and for planning educational programs for them. For theses purposes, 20 third- grade student s with reading disabilities were matched to 20 normal 6-year - old fir st - grader s on word recognition skills and 20 normal third- grader s on chronological age. Phonological processing abilities were measured by testing phonological awareness (syllable deletion, phoneme deletion, & sound categorization), phonetic recoding, and phonological recoding (rapid letter - number - color naming & rapid object naming) tasks, and word recognition skills by both real and nonsence words. The collected data were analyzed by the ANCOVA with IQ and age as covariates, Pear son ' s simple product -moment correlation coefficient , and stepwise multiple regression analysis using the SAS software package. The result s indicated that children with reading disabilities were significantly more impaired than age matched normal reader s on all measures except for the rapid object naming and than reading level matched younger readers on phoneme deletion, sound categorizations, and phonetic recoding measures. However, the students with reading disabilities performed significantly better than reading level match younger reader s on syllable deletion, phonological recoding, and word recognition tasks. There were no significant differences among groups on rapid object naming skill. A significantly high correlation appeared to exist between word recognition and phonological processing. Phonological processing abilities could predict 64 % of real word reading skill and 69 % of nonsense word decoding skill. Among the phonological processing subskill factor s, phoneme deletion and letter -number - color naming were identified as major significant predictor s, yielding 61 % for real word read recognition and 64 % for nonsense word decoding.
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